Managing Arthritis in Dogs: Practical Advice for Animal Carers
By RVN Ros Sherlock |26 July 2025
Having worked in veterinary practice for many years, I have spoken with many owners regarding their dogs slowing down, not wanting to walk very far, and showing stiffness when trying to get up after resting. Reduced mobility is often considered just a natural part of ageing—but it’s frequently due to significant pain caused by conditions such as arthritis.
What Is Arthritis?
Canine arthritis, or osteoarthritis (OA), is a progressive, degenerative joint disease that causes pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It’s most common in older dogs due to wear and tear, old injuries, and obesity (which puts extra stress on the joints), but it can also affect dogs of any age—particularly those with joint injuries or developmental disorders such as hip and elbow dysplasia.
What Happens to the Joint?
The cartilage—the smooth, protective covering on the ends of the bones—begins to break down, allowing the bones to rub together. This causes pain and inflammation. Over time, the bones harden and become more brittle. The body tries to help by producing osteophytes (bone spurs), but these actually restrict movement and add to the pain. As the joint space narrows, friction increases and synovial (joint) fluid becomes restricted, making the condition worse and more painful. Ouch!
Common Signs of Arthritis
- Stiffness, especially after rest
- Reluctance to jump, run, or climb stairs
- Lameness or limping
- Slower or altered gait
- Swelling around joints
Arthritis is a lifelong condition, but symptoms can be managed to reduce pain and discomfort—allowing dogs to continue enjoying a happy, active quality of life.
Diagnosis and Veterinary Support
A vet will need to perform a full clinical examination, often followed by x-rays to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions such as soft tissue injury, bone tumours, or dysplasia. Once confirmed, treatment usually involves anti-inflammatory medication in tablet, liquid, or injectable forms.
Never give human painkillers—some are toxic to dogs.
Supplements and Support Therapies
Several joint supplements and complementary therapies can make a significant difference. These may take 4–6 weeks to show effects:
- Glucosamine and Chondroitin – helps maintain and rebuild cartilage, reduce inflammation, and improve joint lubrication
- Green-Lipped Mussel – natural source of Omega-3s that may improve joint pain and mobility
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA/DHA) – has anti-inflammatory properties and can reduce joint stiffness
- Hydrotherapy – water-based exercise helps strengthen muscles without putting strain on the joints; also useful for weight management
Always check with your vet before starting any supplements, especially if the dog is on other medication or has other health issues. Hydrotherapy should also be discussed with your vet first.
Helping a Dog Live Well With Arthritis
There are many things we can do to help dogs with arthritis live more comfortably:
- Encourage gentle, consistent exercise like short, frequent walks to reduce stiffness and maintain muscle mass
- Avoid high-impact activities such as ball chasing or rough play
- Allow extra time for movement and rest periods during walks or activity
- Provide soft, non-slip bedding in a warm, draft-free area
- Use ramps or pet steps to help dogs access cars or furniture
- Use rugs or mats on slippery floors
- Maintain a healthy weight—obesity can dramatically worsen joint pain
Managing arthritis takes a proactive, team-based approach—but with the right care, dogs can remain mobile and happy well into their senior years.
For further support, visit our Vet Nurse Consultation page.
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